Unix for Mac OS X
“What is Unix?
Unix controls your Mac. It controls the processor, the memory, the file system, the
network, and all your peripherals. And it does so rather well. Unix gives you network and
internet connectivity, and powerful file system management. It gives you a host of useful
utilities to help you get your work done. It provides an environment in which multiple
applications, and multiple users, may co-exist without tripping over each other -
something sorely lacking in Mac OS 9.”
Mac OS X Unix Tutorial, http://www.osxfaq.com/Tutorials/LearningCenter/


Mac OS X is based on Darwin
“Beneath the easy-to-use interface and rich graphics of Mac OS X is Darwin, an open
source UNIX-based foundation built on technologies such as FreeBSD, Mach, Apache,
and GCC. Darwin provides a complete UNIX environment, with X11 and POSIX services
comparable to Linux or FreeBSD, including familiar kernel, libraries, networking and
command-line utilities.”

Useful Commands (use man to get more information):
  -  man      format and display the on-line manual pages (ex: “man ls”)
  -  ls       list directory contents
      o ~/   From home directory
      o ./   from current directory
  -  cd       change directory
  -  top      display and update sorted information about processes
  -  ssh      OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
  -  reboot     reboot, halt - stopping and restarting the system
  -  kill      terminate or signal a process
  -  killall    kill processes by name
  -  rm       remove files or directories


Terminal Tips
  -  Drag the file/folder to add it to a command
  -  Choose the Window Settings to Green on Black, and adjust the transparency to
    allow you to view behind your terminal sessions.

X11-
The X Window System is a network
transparent window system which runs on
a wide range of computing and graphics
machines. X11 has primitives which are
useful for the creation of graphical
desktops (e.g., Windows, Colors,
Displays, Screens).

OS X comes with an X11 program to run
these from.

Common X11 apps
 - OpenOffice - Office suite. (www.openoffice.org)
 - AbiWord – Word processor
 - Ethereal- network analyzer
 - KDE – a deskop windows manager
 - GNOME – another desktop windows manager
 - GIMP – Photoshop like graphics program (www.gimp.org)
 - ssh –X –C username@hostname to connect remotely, securely with
   compression. Host needs some setup
 - search www.macosxhints.com for X11

How to Get Apps – package managers
  -  Fink - fink.sourceforge.net
  -  DarwinPorts - darwinports.opendarwin.org
  -  XCode – Apple’s free development environment, needed to build some
    applications. (http://developer.apple.com/tools/xcode/)